Abstract
The aim of the paper was to determine the stability of the divers to unfavorable factors of scuba diving and detection the methods to optimize the selection of divers. The study involved 44 professional divers aged 2236 years and 111 dilettante divers, among whom were 80 men and 31 women aged 19-42 years. All divers had resistance to decompression sickness, toxic effect of nitrogen and oxygen. In the peripheral blood of all divers before and 1 hour after «immersion» into the chamber the functional activity of neutrophils and T-lymphocytes, the concentration of circulating immune complexes were determined. In addition, echocardiography and Doppler ultrasound of the heart for 13 professional divers were held. The study found that the number of divers unstable to unfavorable factors of hyperbaria ranges from 7 to 25% of patients (depending on factors of hyperbaria). It was found that among professional divers who had high and average resistance to one of the adverse factors of hyperbaria, the number of people with high and medium resistance to other examined factors ranging from 71,4 to 100% of the patients. It was discovered that the decompression gassing of divers accompanied by the activation of the immune system. The selection and the annual medical examination of divers should be accompanied by echocardiography of the heart.