Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors for their development in the Arctic countries

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION. Severe climatic conditions, state of the environment, water and air quality and other factors affect human health in the Arctic region, including cardiovascular system. The study of these factors is necessary to create measures to prevent the development of diseases.
OBJECTIVE. Analyze morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the Arctic countries as well as risk factors of their development.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study analyzed PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar database over 25 years from 1998 to 2023. The search terms included the keywords: cardiovascular diseases, climate, risk factors, adaptation, morbidity, mortality, Arctic.
RESULTS. It was found that primary morbidity exceeds the all-Russian value 1,4 times in the Arctic region. Mortality by main causes of death for 2015–2019 over a 5-year period tends to decrease. There are similar data in other Arctic countries, including cardiovascular diseases. Mortality rate among Arctic indigenous groups is not the same.
DISCUSSION. Scientists consider the effect of extremely low temperatures and the body’s adaptive capacities, toxic effects of harmful chemicals and insufficiency of vitamin D due to reduced sun exposure to be among health hazards in Arctic, including cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular diseases were noted to be seasonal.
CONCLUSION. Arctic public health depends on many reasons, including the body’s adaptation to extreme habitat conditions, social conditions, ecology, lifestyle and nutrition, availability of medical care and drug provision.

About the authors

N. V. Orlova

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: vrach315@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4293-3285
SPIN-code: 8775-1299

Natalia V. Orlova - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor

1 Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 117997

Russian Federation

S. A. Sapozhnikov

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: sas1387@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 9361-5634

Stepan A. Sapozhnikov - candidate of the Department of faculty therapy

1 Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 117997

Russian Federation

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