Vol 4, No 1 (2018)

Experience of the Russian naval surgeons on uses of endovideo surgical operative measures at long campaigns is shown in this  article. Use of low-invasive technologies allows to increase the  level  of rendering the  surgical help  to patients and victims in the sea. The case of performance of laparoscopic endovideo surgical appendectomy by team of surgeons on the  Russian aircraft carrier «Admiral Kuznetsov» is described during a fighting campaign in January, 2017. Modern low-invasive technologies considerably increase the  level  of rendering the  surgical help  in the  sea, improve quality of treatment, promote bystreyshy recovery of seamen and  their return to execution of the official duties. Constant improvement of skills of regular doctors of the ship and the affiliated surgeons from military hospitals is necessary.

In  the  Russian Federation, under the  banner of energy efficiency project, new  light technologies are  preventively introduced. Due to the particular urgency of the  energy efficiency problem for Navy  ships,  saturated with  electronic armament, management solutions for equipping ship  spaces with  diode  light sources can  be ruled out. Based on the analysis of standards, sanitary rules and  test  results carried out by organizations of various departments, the  medical and  technical requirements of the  Navy  for  diode  luminaries for  ship  spaces are  proposed.

Postoperative epidural cicatrical adhesions remains one of the most frequent complications in the long term after microdiskectomy, worsening the overall result of the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation-sacral spine. The purpose of this  study is to assess the  dynamics of the  formation of fibrous scar and the effectiveness of methods of prevention, using an experimental model of postoperative epidural cicatrical adhesions. The study was conducted on experimental animals underwent laminectomy on three levels, on two levels was carried out prevention of cicatrical adhesions using the proposed techniques. On the third level of prevention was conducted. Results development of cicatrical adhesions was evaluated 3, 6, 9, 12 months. Conclusions: the use of the proposed methods of prevention, epidural cicatrical adhesions reduces the severity of cicatrical changes in the epidural space.

In article practical sides of medical support of repair, construction and trial runs of nuclear submarines are considered. Harmful production factors which the staff of crew at repair of nuclear submarines can face are described. The questions which have arisen at approbation of the methodical guide to medical support of the under construction and under repair ships in practice are brought up. Fundamental obligations of the chief of health service are specified by preparation for conducting trial runs of nuclear submarines. Standard difficulties, which can arise in activity of the ship doctor at implementation of medical support of trial runs of nuclear submarines, such as control of the state of health of a civil part of delivery crew, medical supply of delivery team, control of microclimate parameters, control of recycling, control of the course of construction or repair, operation of regular medical property, structure of incidence of staff of delivery crew are described. Recommendations to young specialists in their decision are made. Features of implementation of medical observation of conditions of activity of the military personnel and civil personnel of delivery crew are described during tests of the ship, tactics at delivery of health care at a serious illness and injuries. Offers for consideration when developing of the leading documents, regarding concerning are specified.

The article is dedicated to formation of naval therapy as an independent naval medical subject, meant for profile training of doctors for  naval medical service and first practical experience of providing a medical care in the case of massive radioactive injury of nuclear submarine «K-19» staff in July 1961. Different theory and practical difficulties that the medical naval service and employees of S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy faced during the examination and treatment of the injured are highlighted in the article. It also includes a detailed information about medical care content in case of acute radiation illness of various degrees of severity caused by a combined radioactive loss. The article depicts the leading roles of naval, hospital and military field therapy faculties in study, generalization and operational use in practice of obtained unique and clinical experience.

The paper presents data on the development of complex means, which increase the power of the adaptive response of the organism under stress and pathological conditions. This complex includes dietary supplements based on natural metabolites with pronounced antihypoxic activity, perfluorocarbon drugs for improving the oxygen regime of tissues, and effective immunomodulators based on sodium aminodihydrophthalazinedione and the neurotransmitter oligopeptide with increased stability. Their application is promising in the healthcare and in the military medicine. They provide an increase in efficiency, acceleration of recovery processes, increasing the body’s resistance to extreme loads, intoxications, infections, various types of tissue damage.